What to expect with next-generation wireless — 5G Networks

Objective

In this article, we will dissect 5G technology and how it will revolutionize word. In the end, I will shift focus to mobile large-scale analytics.

5G

5G is the term used to portray the up-coming age of mobile networks past the 4G LTE versatile systems of today. Although the definition of 5G is still unclear.

5G evolution and comparison

All the U.S. carriers are racing toward next-generation network 5G as the successor to current age 4G LTE networks. AT&T is trying to launch the first ever 5G network for the mobile. In contrast, Verizon's 5G is limited to constrained homes for now. T-Mobile already announced its 5G services by next year. Sprint and LG are partnering to launch the world's first 5G cell phone. Xiaomi is also planning to launch 5G-capable Mi Mix 3 cell phone next month.

Source: http://newline.tech/blog/what-will-the-era-of-5g-bring-us/

4G vs 5G

Some of the key differences are listed as follows

Indicator	5G	4G
Speed	Significantly faster - transfer speeds can max out to 1 Gb/s	4G signal can be interrupted by obstacles as buildings, Wi-Fi interference, and more.
Download speed	New 5G standard will boost download speed to 10Gb/s. 1,000 times faster than 4G.	4G LTE download speed can be around 100 Mb/s
Latency	Drastically reduced download latency less than 1 millisecond. 50+ times faster than 4G.	It’s as around 98 milliseconds.
Capacity	5G's utilizes higher frequency band, works at millimeter wave (mmWave) bands on the radio range. 1000 times the capacity of 4G. Higher bandwidth will solve 4G’s traffic congestion problems.	1000 times lesser capacity of 5G
Ubiquitous	More reliable and consistent coverage and user experience than 4G due to smaller cells. At least 100Mb/s connection availability everywhere.	Not consistent and reliable. Connection drops.
Response Time	Response times will go up by roughly 23 times faster.	Response time is not good.
Application	Fit for complex applications such as 4k/8K streaming, connected autonomous cars, high-quality gaming, video conferencing, augmented reality/virtual reality, instant communications, numerous IoT devices, and their real-time streaming	Fit for video, browsing, and apps. Not for complex use cases.

Source: https://www.is-wireless.com/about-us/evolution-4g-5g/

Architecture considerations

5G architecture and deployment depend on usability. As of now, it is expected video streaming will grow substantially with 4k/8k, video conferencing, augmented reality/virtual reality, billions of IoT devices and their real-time streaming. To achieve these kinds of performance, It is more likely network need dense cell coverage with higher bandwidth spectrum. We can see more capacity per site at backhaul layer(denser mobile grid) and at Radio Access Network(RAN) due to increased capacity density. Architecture can use small cells, microcells, rooftop antenna, traditional towers, and other physical hardware throughout smart cities. At&T focusing on mmWave base architecture which will save mobile device power as well.

Operators are also focusing on virtualizing their networks for services such as cloud services and network functions virtualizations(NFV)/software defined networks(SDN).  5G architecture based on NFV/SDN will uplift cloud native access, transport and core networks to empower distributed 5G services and technologies, for example, edge-to-edge network slicing and segment based network functions.

Source: https://www.sdxcentral.com/5g/definitions/5g-network-slicing/

Cost

Verizon 5G Home announce a plan to roll out gigabit internet speed through its 5G home broadband service. Expected cost will be $50 per month for Verizon Wireless customers otherwise $70. Early adopters will get perks, like free installation, a promotion with three months of free service, and a choice of free Chromecast or Apple 4K, along with three months of YouTube TV at no cost.

Speed

“Verizon 5G Home customers should expect typical network speeds around 300 Mbps and, depending on location, peak speeds of nearly 1 Gig, with no data caps,” Verizon said. This internet speed is good enough to download Blu-Ray movie in minutes time. Response times will go up by roughly 23 times faster. This speed is competitive against DSL, cable, and fiber internet services attractive to cord-cutters. It is expected 90% of user will see at least 100Mbps with 5G network compare to as they are seeing 8Mbps with 4G LTE.

5G is ready to take connectivity to the next heights with enhanced speeds and less latency. It will power 4k/8K streaming, connected autonomous cars, high-quality gaming, augmented reality/virtual reality, instant communications, numerous IoT devices and their real-time streaming.

“We will deliver a revolutionary 5G experience that will change how people live, work and play,” Verizon Chief Technology Officer Kyle Malady said in a statement.

 

New Data Sources for Mobile Devices

As network speed, capacity and latency are drastically improving with 5G following new data sources will be feasible for mobile.

·      4K/8K video streaming – Mobile uses can watch high quality 4K/8K video streams in the near real-time environment. China is trying with ultra-high definition live drone broadcasts using 5G.

·      AR/VR - Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality will be more realistic in the user’s hand. The following picture shows one use case envisioned by T-Mobile in 2020. A bicyclist dodges an accident after a virtual heads-up showcase cautions him that a SUV is moving toward quick from behind.

T-Mobile imagines a near future when 5G speeds let bicyclists spot danger from all sides. Credit: T-Mobile.

·      Connected Gaming – High quality connected gaming will be feasible. Even games can use AR/VR.

·      Big Data – Higher speed can bring direct access to big data to make the informed decision.

·      Other life changing sources and use

Source: http://newline.tech/blog/what-will-the-era-of-5g-bring-us/

Concerns

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) referred to “emerging science linking exposure to RF microwave radiation with serious biological harm.” Mill Valley, California and some other cities are already working on passing laws to ban 5G deployment. The innovation accompanies a prerequisite that towers be far more noteworthy in number and far closer to clients. A few inhabitants in North Potomac say in excess of 60 5G remote towers have been introduced under 30 feet from their front entryways.

Conclusion

As promised, if 5G achieves even half of the speed it will be a gigantic jump forward that could in a general sense change how we utilize mobile and IoT devices. It will not be enough to just build 5G or gigabit-LTE networks we also need several kinds of devices which can leverage such fast speed.

Reference

Qualcomm’s simulated 5G tests show how fast real-world speeds could actually be https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/25/17046346/qualcomm-simulated-5g-tests-san-francisco-frankfurt-mwc-2018

https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/verizon-5g-home-promises-up-to-gigabit-internet-speeds-for-50/

https://www.sdxcentral.com/5g/definitions/what-is-5g/

https://adage.com/article/news/5g-gen-mobile/308148/

Manoj Kumar

Implementing an Autosuggest Textbox in Silverlight

Showing suggestions from database for each user input in textbox.

Download Sample Project RadAutoSuggestBox

Introduction

The auto complete or can say autosuggest pattern is well-known, used from long and supported in almost all technologies. In Silverlight Toolkit you can see AutoCompleteBox it provides two type of suggestions one from already bound collection and another from database by hooking it with RIA service. But if you need to get suggestions from database by using WCF service or any other conventional way then you need to tweak the logic. Here I am going to demonstrate how you can tweak Telerik RadComboBox to use for this scenario. You can also try this type of logic for Silverlight toolkit AutoCompleteBox.

Background

To implement this application, I am going to use the following technologies:

• Silverlight5 for the client tier
• WCF services -HTTP Binding
• Telerik RadControls for Silverlight v2012.1.215.1050
• .NET Framework v4.0.30319

Silverlight Business Application

Create new Silverlight application. Name it to ‘RadAutoSuggestBox’.

WCF Service

Add WCF service to the solution. Name it ‘WcfService1’.

Write one method to return collection as per user input parameter in ‘Service1.svc.cs’

        

public List<string> SuggestOption(string x)

        {

            List<string> lst = new List<string>();//Make a call to database to get collection

            lst.Add("Omaha via webex");

            lst.Add("Celine Robinson");

            lst.Add("Vanessa Johnson");

            lst.Add("Susan Peter");

            lst.Add("Nedra Tracy");

            lst.Add("Diane Houston");

            lst.Add("Nancy McEvoy");

            lst.Add("San Francisco");

            var result = lst.Where(x1 => x1.ToLower().Contains(x.ToLower()));

            return result.ToList<string>();

        }

Add contract for this method.
        [OperationContract]        
        List<string> SuggestOption(string x);

To enable a Silverlight control to access a service in another domain, the service must explicitly opt-in to allow cross-domain access. I am also going to deploy WCF service and Silverlight application on different servers.

Add ‘CrossDomainService’ service and add following code to it.

public class CrossDomainService : ICrossDomainService

    {

        Message ICrossDomainService.ProvidePolicyFile()

        {

            FileStream filestream = File.Open(@"ClientAccessPolicy.xml", FileMode.Open);

            // Either specify ClientAccessPolicy.xml file path properly

            // or put that in \Bin folder of the console application

            XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(filestream);

            System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message result = Message.CreateMessage(MessageVersion.None, "", reader);

            return result;

        }

    }

Create contract for this service.

[ServiceContract]

    public interface ICrossDomainService

    {

        [OperationContract]

        [WebGet(UriTemplate = "ClientAccessPolicy.xml")]

        Message ProvidePolicyFile();

    }

Add ‘ClientAccessPolicy.xml’ file for policy description.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<access-policy>

  <cross-domain-access>

    <policy>

      <allow-from http-request-headers="*">

        <domain uri="*"/>

      </allow-from>

      <grant-to>

        <resource path="/" include-subpaths="true"/>

      </grant-to>

    </policy>

  </cross-domain-access>

</access-policy>

Silverlight Client

Add service reference to Silverlight project.

Now add View model class named ‘MainViewModel’ to call WCF service model. We are implementing ‘INotifyPropertyChanged’ interface. Also defining following three properties:

RadComboBoxText – We shall bind this property to Text property of telerik combo box control so it can get user input text.  Further this user entered text is passed as a parameter to WCF service method.
ItemCollection – This is the collection which is bound to ItemSource of telerik combo box. We are going to change it for each character entered.
IsDropDownOpenState - this property is used to open the dropdown and bound to IsDropDownOpen property of Rad Combobox.

Set datacontext of existing view(created with project template) ‘MainPage.xaml’ to this view model.

           
               //ViewModel setting in constructor 
               var viewModel = new MainViewModel(); 
               this.DataContext = viewModel;

Add RadComboBox to MainPage.xaml and viewmodel properties as follows.

            

<telerik:RadComboBox x:Name="RadComboBox1" TextSearchMode="Contains" CanKeyboardNavigationSelectItems="False" EmptyText="Search Text" ItemsSource="{Binding ItemCollection, Mode=OneWay}" IsEditable="True" IsTextSearchEnabled="True" Text="{Binding RadComboBoxText, Mode=TwoWay}" IsDropDownOpen="{Binding IsDropDownOpenState, Mode=TwoWay}" IsFilteringEnabled="True" CanAutocompleteSelectItems="True" IsMouseWheelEnabled="True" Margin="0 10 0 10" VerticalAlignment="Center" Canvas.Left="149" Canvas.Top="102" Width="229" />

 

Now if you run the application it will look like this.

There is arrow icon which we are not going to use so need to be removed. Open this application in Expression Blend and modify the template to get rid of this arrow. I am not going in detail how to do in expression blend. After template modification UI will be as follows.

This implementation gets data from database for each user input. It supports keyboard navigation too.

Note

You can download source code attached with this article. Hope this article will help you in implementing AutoComplete textbox.

I would appreciate Vote for the Article and any comments or concerns or how things could be done better.

Thanks for reading.

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